|
__NOTOC__ Music without sound can refer to music that falls outside the range of human hearing (typically 20 Hz–20 kHz) or to compositions, such as visual music, that are analogous to or suggestive of conventional music but in media other than sound, such as color, shape, position, motion and literature (see Discursive music below). It is commonly taken for granted that music is wont to be performed or recorded, but some sound works simply won't fit on a disc or on stage, being either extremely discreet (like Robin Minard's ''Silent Music'') or incomplete (Varèse's Unfinished music). Additionally, silence can be regarded as the via negativa of music and has induced long lasting fascination to music composers of all kinds. A composer deals with the absence of sound as much as they deal with sounds. Therefore, this article includes several examples of apophasis in music (like Algorithmic music or Gesture Music). ==Gesture Music== Sofia Gubaidulina Silence in music happens when the music stops during a performance. It is sometimes replaced by gesture music. In his Sofia Gubaidulina biography,〔Michael Kurtz ''Sofia Gubaidulina: A Biography'', p 184, english translation Indiana University Press, 2007 (written 2001)〕 Michael Kurtz mentions the ''silent solo performance by the conductor'' included in ''...Stimmenn... verstummen...'', an orchestral work from 1986. Milan Knizak From 1960, the International Fluxus Movement created a number of Events or Verbal Pieces, whose temporal structures were typically vague so as to be sometimes without beginning nor end, with or without sound, with or without music. A remarkable example is that of Czech artist Milan Knizak's 1965 Snowstorm N°1 whose score states: ''Paper gliders are distributed to an idle and waiting audience.'' Helmut Lachenmann Lachenmann composed ''Salut Für Caldwell'' for 2 guitars in 1977. The piece includes silent moments when ''« the players silent motions and gestures created a space of unheard music »'' (Kurtz〔Michael Kurtz ''Sofia Gubaidulina: A Biography'', p 192, english translation Indiana University Press, 2007 (written 2001)〕 ) Takehisa Kosugi In 1963 Takehisa Kosugi composed for ''Fluxus 1'' a musical piece called ''Theatre Music'' in the form of a rectangle of cardstock that bore the trace of a spiral of moving feet. This was paired with the instructions: "Keep walking intently".〔Charles Mereweather ed., ''Art Anti-Art Non-Art'', Getty Research Institute, 2007, p. 21〕 Juan María Solare * His work Gestenstücke (2008) is a collection of five pieces for 4 performers in which a musical structure is usd to put order in non-sounding elements, concretely gestures. For instance, the first piece of the cycle is a canon of gestures. Premiere: University Bremen, Ensemble Neues Musiktheater, June 12, 2008. * Another non-sounding piece is his conceptual work called ''Tense Atmosphere'' a graphic score which consists of a silence with a sforzato sign (2013). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Music without sound」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|